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"Absolute sovereignty is what I love to ascribe to God." - Jonathan Edwards

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1689 Baptist Confession Chapter 2: Of God and of the Holy Trinity - Commentary
Simon Wartanian | 23,750 views | 28,880 words | 2:33:55 hours | 04 March 2015 20:55
The Second Baptist Confession Of Faith Confession Commentary Chapter 2 God Trinity Attributes Of God Immutability Repentance Of God Love Of God Justice Of God Spirituality Of God Monotheism
...lor: #99cc00;"grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.

(2 Corinthians 13:14)

Footnotes

  1. ^ Many Scriptural references have been supplied by Samuel Waldron’s Modern Exposition of 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith which was apparently supplied by the Westminster Confession of Faith 1646.
  2. ^ The outlines were taken from Alan Dunn’s exposition of this chapter over at Herald of Grace.
  3. ^ John M. Frame. Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Christian Belief. (Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 2014). p. 405.
  4. a, b, c, d John Gill. Exposition of the Entire Bible. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  5. ^ Webster’s 1913 Dictionary. Incomprehensible.
  6. ^ Wayne Grudem. Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1994). p. 150.
  7. ^ Webster’s 1913 Dictionary. Immutable.
  8. a, b, c Arthur W. Pink. Gleanings in the Godhead. 7. The Immutability of God.
  9. ^ A. H. Strong. Systematic Theology: A Compendium Designed For The Use Of Theological Students. (London: Pickering & Inglis, 1970. Originally, 1907). p. 257.
  10. ^ Louis Berkhof. Systematic Theology. (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Banner of Truth Trust. 1963). p. 67.
  11. a, b, c, d, e John Calvin. Commentaries. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  12. a, b, c, d Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  13. a, b, c, d, e Matthew Poole. English Annotations on the Holy Bible. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  14. ^ A.H. Strong, Systematic Theology. p. 258.
  15. ^ Anthropopathism. Wikipedia.
  16. a, b The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Edited by J. J. S. Perowne. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  17. ^ John Peter Lange. Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: Critical, Doctrinal, and Homiletical (25 volumes). Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  18. ^ John Piper. The Repentance of God. Desiring God Ministries.
  19. ^ R.C. Sproul. Divine Repentance. Reformation Theology.
  20. a, b Jamieson, Fausset, Brown. Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (Full). Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  21. ^ Shane Lems. The Repentance of God (Ex. 32:14). Emphasis added.
  22. ^ Webster’s 1828 Dictionary. Impassibility.
  23. ^ Berkhof, Systematic Theology. p. 60.
  24. ^ Webster’s 1913 Dictionary. Absolute.
  25. a, b The Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature. Essence. 
  26. ^ Webster’s 1828 English Dictionary. Essence.
  27. ^ Ibid. Substance.
  28. ^ The Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature. Substance.
  29. ^ Ibid. Hypostasis.
  30. ^ Matt Slick. What is the Trinity? 
  31. ^ Ibid. Person.
  32. ^ James R. White. The Forgotten Trinity: Recovering the Heart of Christian Belief. (Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House. 1998). p. 26.
  33. ^ Grudem, Systematic Theology. p. 226.
  34. a, b, c, d, e Charles J. Ellicott. Commentary For English Readers. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  35. ^ White, Forgotten Trinity. pp. 50-51.
  36. a, b International Critical Commentary on the New Testament (ICCNT). Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  37. a, b, c The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Edited by J. J. S. Perowne. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  38. a, b, c, d, e Philip Schaff. A Popular Commentary on the New Testament. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  39. ^ James R. White. The King James Only Controversy. (Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House. 2009, originally 1995). pp. 251-252.
  40. ^ Strong, Systematic The...
1689 Baptist Confession Chapter 5: Of Divine Providence - Commentary
Simon Wartanian | 14,182 views | 5,231 words | 0:28:11 hours | 04 March 2015 21:17
The 1689 Second Baptist Confession Of Faith Confession Commentary Reformed Baptist Chapter 5 Sovereignty Providence Compatibilism Calvinism
...e radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power.

(Hebrews 1:3)

 

Footnotes

  1. ^ Many Scriptural references have been supplied by Samuel Waldron’s Modern Exposition of 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith which was apparently supplied by the Westminster Confession of Faith 1646.
  2. ^ Got Questions. What is divine providence? 
  3. ^ Sam E. Waldron. A Modern Exposition Of The 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith. (Darlington: Evangelical Press, 2013). p. 106.
  4. ^ Lamar Martin. The London Baptist Confession Of Faith | Exposition of Chapter 5. Herald of Grace.
...
1689 Baptist Confession Chapter 20: Of the Gospel, and of the Extent of the Grace Thereof - Commentary
Simon Wartanian | 12,455 views | 3,261 words | 0:17:00 hours | 05 March 2015 19:57
The 1689 Second Baptist Confession Of Faith Confession Commentary Reformed Baptist Chapter 20 General Revelation Special Revelation The Necessity Of The Gospel The Work Of The Holy Spirit
... those given to him. The Spirit Who applies the work and benefits which the Son bought by His blood to His elect. All glory to the Triune God—Yahweh.

 

For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek. 

(Romans 1:16)

Footnotes

  1. ^ Sam E. Waldron. A Modern Exposition Of The 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith. (Darlington: Evangelical Press, 2013). pp. 302-303.
  2. ^ Many Scriptural references have been supplied by Samuel Waldron’s Modern Exposition of 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith which was apparently supplied by the Westminster Confession of Faith 1646.
  3. ^ John Calvin. Commentaries. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
...
1689 Baptist Confession Chapter 9: Of Free Will - Commentary
Simon Wartanian | 18,583 views | 16,462 words | 1:25:57 hours | 04 March 2015 21:41
The 1689 Second Baptist Confession Of Faith Confession Commentary Reformed Baptist Chapter 9 Chapter Nine Free Will Libertarian Free Will Determinism Fatalism Compatibilism Incompatibilism Moral Agency Jonathan Edwards The Freedom Of The Will
...ear and trembling, for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure. 

(Philippians 2:12-13)

 

Footnotes

  1. ^ Many Scriptural references have been supplied by Samuel Waldron’s Modern Exposition of 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith which was apparently supplied by the Westminster Confession of Faith 1646.
  2. ^ Jonathan Edwards. Freedom Of The Will. (Mineola, NY: Dover Publications. Originally, 1754. 2012). pp. 1-2. A digital version can be found at CCEL.
  3. ^ Ibid., p. 4.
  4. ^ Ibid., p. 3.
  5. ^ Ibid., p. 5.
  6. ^ Ibid., pp. 5-6.
  7. a, b Ibid., p. 6.
  8. a, b Ibid., p. 7.
  9. ^ Ibid., pp. 9-10. Edwards classifies the first on under “the apparent nature and circumstance of the object” (p. 8). The other two he classifies under two one point with two sub-points which he calls “the manner of view” (pp. 8-9). Point 2 (here) is called the degree of assent, and point 3 the degree of the idea or apprehension of the future pleasure. 
  10. ^ Ibid., p. 9.
  11. ^ Ibid., p. 10.
  12. a, b Ibid., p. 12.
  13. ^ Ibid., pp. 12-13.
  14. ^ Ibid., p. 13.
  15. ^ Ibid., p. 14.
  16. a, b Ibid., p. 15.
  17. ^ Ibid. pp., 15-16.
  18. a, b Ibid., p. 16.
  19. ^ Ibid., p. 18.
  20. ^ Ibid., pp. 18-19.
  21. ^ Ibid., p. 19.
  22. a, b Ibid., p. 21.
  23. ^ Ibid., p. 24.
  24. ^ Ibid., pp. 24-25.
  25. a, b Ibid., p. 26.
  26. ^ Ibid., pp. 26-27.
  27. ^ Jonathan Edwards. The Freedom of the Will. (Early Modern Texts, 2007). PDF p. 5.
  28. a, b Joseph Henry Thayer’s Greek Definitions. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. See reference for the Strong’s number.
  29. ^ GotQuestions.org. What is libertarian free will?
  30. ^ Edwards, Freedom of the Will. p. 25.
  31. ^ Daniel P. Fuller. A Digest of Jonathan Edwards’ Freedom of the Will, 1991. p. 8. 
  32. a, b Edwards, Freedom of the Will. p. 64.
  33. ^ Ibid., p. 66.
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1689 Baptist Confession Chapter 21: Of Christian Liberty and Liberty of Conscience - Commentary
Simon Wartanian | 13,597 views | 6,372 words | 0:32:47 hours | 06 March 2015 19:19
The 1689 Second Baptist Confession Of Faith Confession Commentary Confession Study Reformed Baptist Chapter 21 Christian Freedom Liberty Liberty Of Conscience Antinomianism
...pan style="color: #ee82ee;">through love serve one another. For the whole law is fulfilled in one word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”

(Galatians 5:13-14)

Footnotes

  1. ^ Many Scriptural references have been supplied by Samuel Waldron’s Modern Exposition of 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith which was apparently supplied by the Westminster Confession of Faith 1646.
  2. a, b Robert Shaw. The Reformed Faith: An Exposition Of The Westminster Confession Of Faith. Chapter 20.
  3. a, b John Calvin. Commentaries. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  4. ^ John Gill. Exposition of the Entire Bible. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  5. ^ Stu Johnston. The London Baptist Confession Of Faith | Exposition of Chapter 21. Herald of Grace.
  6. a, b Albert Barnes. Barnes’ New Testament Notes. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  7. ^ Sam E. Waldron. A Modern Exposition Of The 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith. (Darlington: Evangelical Press, 2013). pp. 319-320.
  8. ^ Matthew Henry. Commentary On The Whole Bible (Full). By default in The Word. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  9. ^ John F. MacArthur. Slave: The Hidden Truth About Your Identity In Christ. (Nashville: Thomas Nelson. 2010). pp. 16-17. The PDF may be freely acquired from here http://www.nelsonfree.com/slave.
  10. ^ Waldron, Exposition of the 1689. p. 323.

...
1689 Baptist Confession Chapter 32: Of the Last Judgment - Commentary
Simon Wartanian | 15,806 views | 16,377 words | 1:25:50 hours | 06 March 2015 23:30
The 1689 Second Baptist Confession Of Faith Confession Commentary Reformed Baptist Chapter 32 Last Judgment Eternal Hell Eternal Suffering Lake Of Fire
...ighteousness by a man whom he has appointed; and of this he has given assurance to all by raising him from the dead.”

 (Acts 17:31)

Footnotes

  1. ^ Many Scriptural references have been supplied by Samuel Waldron’s Modern Exposition of 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith which was apparently supplied by the Westminster Confession of Faith 1646.
  2. a, b, c, d John Gill. Exposition of the Entire Bible. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  3. ^ John Calvin. Commentaries. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  4. a, b, c, d Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  5. ^ Alan W. Gomes. Evangelicals and the Annihilation of Hell Part One. Bible Research.
  6. a, b Jonathan Edwards. The Eternity of Hell’s Torments.
  7. ^ The Pulpit Commentary. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  8. a, b Robert A. Peterson. The Dark Side of Eternity: Hell as Eternal Conscious Punishment. Christian Research Institute.
  9. ^ Charles J. Ellicott. Commentary For English Readers. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  10. ^ G. K. Beale, David H. Campbell. Revelation: A Shorter Commentary. (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 2015). p. 305.
  11. ^ As quoted in Alan W. Gomes. Evangelicals and the Annihilation of Hell Part One.
  12. ^ Robert L. Dabney. Systematic Theology. (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth Trust, 1985). p. 854.
  13. ^ Charles Hodge. Systematic Theology: Volume 3: Soteriology. (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers. 1999, originally 1872). p. 877.
  14. ^ As quoted in Stephen E. Alexander, Flaws in the Arguments for Annihilationism.
  15. a, b Alan W. Gomes. Evangelicals and the Annihilation of Hell Part Two. (Bible Research, 1991). Footnote references removed.
  16. ^ Hodge, Systematic Theology. p. 3:874.
  17. ^ Thayer’s Greek Lexicon in Bible Hub, 575. apo.
  18. ^ Jamieson, Fausset, Brown. Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (Full). Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  19. ^ Johann Albrecht Bengel. Gnomon of the NT. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  20. ^ Heinrich Meyer. Critical and Exegetical NT. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc. Words within square brackets supplied.
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A Review of Jeffrey D. Johnson's The Fatal Flaw
Simon Wartanian | 9,596 views | 4,031 words | 0:20:42 hours | 27 November 2015 22:25
Reformed Baptist Covenant Theology 1689 Federalism Westminster Baptism Infant Baptism Book Review Jeffrey Johnson The Fatal Flaw
...rches since the Reformation.

Although I do not believe that infant baptism is a biblical practice, but I must agree with Jeffery Johnson that the Westminster position of Covenant Theology and infant baptism is the closest to the Scripture from the above options. For some people to be truly “Reformed” you have to hold to Covenant Theology which supports the practice of infant baptism, forgetting that there is a difference between Baptist and Presbyterian Covenant Theology. If you would like to learn more about 1689 Baptist Covenant Theology, which is called 1689 Federalism see my attempt to make a case for it when expositing the 7th chapter of the 1689 London Baptist Confession Of Faith here.

The Westminster Position

The author spends some time first to explain the Presbyterian/Westminster. The basis of the Westminster position is continuity between the covenants of the Bible.

They understand that the Lord established a covenant of works in the Garden with Adam as the representative of the human race which he broke. Then the Lord established the Covenant of Grace in Genesis 3:15 and onward. This was Covenant of Grace was differently administered under Noah, Abraham, Moses, David and Jesus. But the essence of these covenants was the same.

The logic is understandable. If infants were admitted into the covenant under Moses and Abraham and the New Covenant is basically and essentially the same, then infants should also be admitted into the New Covenant. The question is, whether if these covenants truly were administrations of the one Covenant of Grace.

The Westminster says the following of the Covenant of Grace in chapter 7 –

Man, by his fall, having made himself incapable of life by that covenant, the Lord was pleased to make a second, commonly called the covenant of grace; wherein He freely offers unto sinners life and salvation by Jesus Christ; requiring of them faith in Him, that they may be saved, and promising to give unto all those that are ordained unto eternal life His Holy Spirit, to make them willing, and able to believe. (paragraph 3)

As Calvinists, our Presbyterian brethren along with us believe in salvation by grace and in Christ throughout the ages. This is what is here conveyed in the Confession. The essence of the Covenant of Grace is faith and salvation in Christ, although that had different outer form under the various covenants. Abraham did not have as much clarity about the Messiah as we now by the grace of God have. This is expressed in the fifth paragraph –

This covenant was differently administered in the time of the law, and in the time of the Gospel: under the law it was administered by promises, prophecies, sacrifices, circumcision, the paschal lamb, and other types and ordinances delivered to the people of the Jews, all foresignifying Christ to come; which were, for that time, sufficient and efficacious, through the operation of the Spirit, to instruct and build up the elect in faith in the promised Messiah, by whom they had full remission of sins, and eternal salvation; and is called the Old Testament.

Under the law, by that meaning the whole period of the Old Testament, the Covenant of Grace was seen in the shadows and prophecies (See certain shadows in the Noahic, Abrahamic, Mosaic and Davidic covenants). But under the New Testament dispensation we have a fuller revelation of God’s purposes and the Covenant of Grace which was fully revealed in the New Covenant.

The...

1689 Baptist Confession Chapter 4: Of Creation - Commentary
Simon Wartanian | 17,515 views | 6,589 words | 0:34:34 hours | 04 March 2015 21:12
The 1689 Second Baptist Confession Of Faith Confession Commentary Reformed Baptist Chapter 4 Creation Young Earth Creationism Image Of God Imago Dei
...r 6 for more on the Fall.

 

In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. 

(Genesis 1:1)

Footnotes

  1. ^ Many Scriptural references have been supplied by Samuel Waldron’s Modern Exposition of 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith which was apparently supplied by the Westminster Confession of Faith 1646.
  2. ^ See more at Creation Ministries International. For example Jonathan Sarfati. How could the days of Genesis 1 be literal if the sun wasn’t created until the fourth day?
  3. ^ What Luther Says. A Practical In-Home Anthology for the Active Christian, compiled by Ewald M. Plass, Concordia, 1959, p. 93.
  4. ^ John Calvin. Institutes of the Christian Religion. 3.21.4.
  5. ^ Louis Berkhof. Systematic Theology. (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Banner of Truth Trust. 1963). p. 203.
  6. ^ John M. Frame. Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Christian Belief. (Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 2014). p. 785.
  7. ^ J. I. Packer. Concise Theology: A Guide To Historic Christian Beliefs. (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1993). p. 71.
  8. ^ Wayne Grudem. Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1994). p. 444.
  9. ^ Richard C. Barcellos. Getting the Garden Right: Adam’s Work and God’s Rest in Light of Christ. (Cape Coral, FL: Founders Press, 2017). p. 120.
  10. ^ Packer, Concise Theology. pp. 72-73.
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1689 Baptist Confession Chapter 23: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows - Commentary
Simon Wartanian | 12,461 views | 5,299 words | 0:27:50 hours | 06 March 2015 19:34
The 1689 Second Baptist Confession Of Faith Confession Commentary Reformed Baptist Chapter 23 Oaths Vows Swearing Allegiance

Chapter 23: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows

What does the Bible say about oaths and vows? Doesn’t the Bible mention them a lot? What about when Christ said that we should not swear? What is the difference between an oath and a vow?

This chapter should be viewed in the context of the Anabaptists who refused oaths based on their understanding of Matthew 5:33-37. The Anabaptist Mennonite Network writes:

Many [Anabaptists] refused to swear oaths. Oaths were very important in sixteenth-century Europe, encouraging truth-telling in court and loyalty to the state. Anabaptists often rejected these, citing Jesus’ teaching in Matthew 5 and arguing that they should always be truthful, not just under oath. Nor would they swear loyalty to any secular authority.[1]

An example of the Anabaptist stance on oaths and vows comes from their own mounts. The Schleitheim Confession of Faith comes from 1527 and was written by Michael Sattler in Germany. J. C. Wenger, a translator of the confession, explains:

The Schleitheim Confession was widely circulated. Ulrich Zwingli translated it into Latin and attempted to refute it already in 1527. It was in print in its original German form as early as 1533. John Calvin used a now-lost French translation of the Seven Articles in his refutation of Anabaptism published in 1544.[2]

All this means is that it is a very good representative of Anabaptist teaching. Therefore, it is also representative of what it says on vows and oaths:

Seventh. We are agreed as follows concerning the oath: The oath is a confirmation among those who are quarreling or making promises. In the Law it is commanded to be performed in God’s Name, but only in truth, not falsely. Christ, who teaches the perfection of the Law, prohibits all swearing to His [followers], whether true or false, -- neither by heaven, nor by the earth, nor by Jerusalem, nor by our head, -- and that for the reason which He shortly thereafter gives, For you are not able to make one hair white or black. So you see it is for this reason that all swearing is forbidden: we cannot fulfill that which we promise when we swear, for we cannot change [even] the very least thing on us.[2]

The seventh and last article goes on to answer some common objections made against the first statement. A century later (1632), the Dutch Mennonites still confessed the same of what was said by Sattler:

XV. Of the Swearing of Oaths

Concerning the swearing of oaths we believe and confess that the Lord Christ has set aside and forbidden the same to His disciples, that they should not swear at all, but that yea should be yea, and nay, nay; from which we understand that all oaths, high and low, are forbidden, and that instead of them we are to confirm all our promises and obligations, yea, all our declarations and testimonies of any matter, only with our word yea, in that which is yea, and with nay, in that which is nay; yet, that we must always, in all matters, and with everyone, adhere to, keep, follow, and fulfill the same, as though we had confirmed it with a solemn oath. And if we do this, we trust that no one, not even the Magistracy itself, will have just reason to lay a greater burden on our mind and conscience. Matt. 5:34, 35; Jas. 5:12; II Cor. 1:17.[3]

This means that the teaching of the Anabaptists on this point was still alive. Thus the Reformed confessions added a chapter addressing this issue. This is likewise important for our forefather to confes...

1689 Baptist Confession Chapter 24: Of the Civil Magistrate - Commentary
Simon Wartanian | 11,578 views | 5,667 words | 0:29:28 hours | 06 March 2015 19:38
The 1689 Second Baptist Confession Of Faith Confession Commentary Reformed Baptist Chapter 24 Civil Magistrates Civil Government Romans 13
...od and men. Therefore, it is necessary, first of all, to have peace with God and then to bring the peace of God in the gospel to everyone and everywhere.

Honor everyone. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honor the emperor.

(1 Peter 2:17)

 

Footnotes

  1. ^ Sam E. Waldron. A Modern Exposition Of The 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith. (Darlington: Evangelical Press, 2013). p. 353.
  2. ^ Many Scriptural references have been supplied by Samuel Waldron’s Modern Exposition of 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith which was apparently supplied by the Westminster Confession of Faith 1646.
  3. a, b, c, d, e Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  4. a, b John Gill. Exposition of the Entire Bible. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  5. ^ John Calvin. Commentaries. Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In loc.
  6. ^ Jamieson, Fausset, Brown. Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (Full). Taken from the TheWord Bible Software. In lock.
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